CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Production optimization identifies the opportunities to increase production and reduce operating costs. The overall goal is to achieve the optimum profitability from the well. To achieve and maintain this, it is essential to evaluate and monitor different sections of the production system including, the wellbore sandface, reservoir, produced fluids, production equipment on surface and downhole. Several methods are being used for production optimization. The most common and widely used method is the system analysis approach commonly known as nodal analysis.

Optimization of the wellbore is considered mainly during well completion stages. Tubing joints vary in length from 18 to 35 feet although the average tubing joint is approximately 30 feet. Tubing is available in a range of outer diameter sizes. The most common sizes are 2 3/8-in, 2 7/8-in, 3 1/2-in and 4 1/2-in. The API defines tubing as pipe from 1-in to 4 1/2-in OD. Larger diameter tubulars (4 1/2-in to 20-in) are being termed casing. (Schlumberger, 2001)

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