CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION1.1 Background of the StudyA floating production storage and offloading vessel (FPSO) is a vessel employed by oil and gas companies to both process and store hydrocarbons in offshore fields. They are made up of two parts: the topside and the hull. The topside produces and off-loads crude oil and gas, and the hull, like a big tank, stores the produced oil. (John et al., 2009)FPSO vessels, a transportable platform, are popular because they can be easily moved and installed to nearby platforms and also allow for easy transportation of oil to tankers or pipelines. Once an existing field has been depleted, FPSO can then be moved to other locations. This makes them suitable for smaller fields which can be depleted quickly and avoids the need for installing permanent expensive pipelines. The vessels often take the form of traditional tankers. In addition to dedicated vessels that are designed for FPSO, oil and gas tankers can be converted to an FPSO vessel which also makes them an economical and flexible option.

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